第13节实例-彩色转灰度(做假红外)-卡核

感谢

感谢网友提出这个问题。大家有问题也可以在评论区提出，有问必有答。

功能描述

网友问怎么做出来一个假红外，其实只需要一个RTT就可以了，但是网友表示用了也不行，估计是有BUG。为了模拟网友的环境，重现问题，这个是用osg341+osgEarth28，以及CompositeViewer 来做的，其它版本的osg+oe或者只使用osg和使用osgViewer应该也是可以的。就不再多进行测试了。

本节代码在网盘中：

【击此打开网盘资源链接】

以下是原色和转换的结果

以上是原色

以下是转换结果

关键代码

上网一查，彩色转黑白算法竟然有一大摞。灰色的图片其rgb值是一样的，比如(0.5, 0.5, 0.5)就是一张灰度图。因此由彩色转黑白关键就是由彩色的rgb算出灰度gray，然后最终的颜色就是(gray, gray , gray)，RGB转gray的算法如下如下：

/*
浮点算法:Gray=R0.3+G0.59+B0.11
整数方法:Gray=(R30+G59+B11)/100
移位方法:Gray=(R76+G151+B*28)>>8;
平均值法:Gray=(R+G+B)/3;
仅取绿色:Gray=G;
*/
上面是网上查的，下面是代码里实际用的

    "vec3 W = vec3(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);\\n"
    "vec4 mask = texture2D(rtt, vTexCoord);\\n"
    "float luminance = dot(mask.rgb, W);\\n"

其实也就相当于Gray=R0.2125+G0.7154+B*0.0721，如果效果不满意可以自己再查查相关算法。

框架

1. 我们先使用了一个RTT相机，把渲染的纹理取出来，这就是正常的纹理。
view->getCamera()->attach(osg::Camera::COLOR_BUFFER, t2d);
上面就给一个相机关联了一个纹理，它的渲染结果会存到这张纹理上。
2. 接着我们又创建了一个相机，这个相机会最后渲染，覆盖整个屏幕，在这个相机上画一个和屏幕一样大的方块，贴上这个纹理就可以了，如下代码geom就是这个方块。

    geom->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, t2d, osg::StateAttribute::ON);

3. 最后对这个相机应用shader，在片元shader中做如上算法的处理。

    "#version 120\\n"
    "uniform sampler2D rtt;\\n"
    "varying vec2 vTexCoord;\\n"
    "void main(void)\\n"
    "{\\n"
    "vec3 W = vec3(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);\\n"
    "vec4 mask = texture2D(rtt, vTexCoord);\\n"
    "float luminance = dot(mask.rgb, W);\\n"
    "gl_FragColor = vec4(vec3(luminance), 1.0);\\n"
    "}\\n"

以下是全部代码

可以不用osgEarth和CompositeViewer ，用oe只是为了重现客户问题，思想都是一样的，有兴趣的快试试吧。如果修改不定，又需要纯osg的，可以在评论区留言。我再给大家改一个。

#include <osgViewer/Viewer>
#include <osgEarth/Notify>
#include <osgEarthUtil/EarthManipulator>
#include <osgDB/ReadFile>
#include <osgViewer/CompositeViewer>
#include <osg/Texture2D>

using namespace osgEarth;
using namespace osgEarth::Util;

osg::ref_ptr<osg::Texture2D> t2d = new osg::Texture2D;
int screenWidth = 1280;
int screenHeight = 1024;

static const char* vs = {
    "#version 120\\n"
    "varying vec2 vTexCoord;\\n"
    "void main(void)\\n"
    "{\\n"
    "    gl_Position = gl_ModelViewProjectionMatrix * gl_Vertex;\\n"
    "	 vTexCoord = gl_MultiTexCoord0.xy;\\n"
    "}\\n"
};


/*
 1.浮点算法:Gray=R*0.3+G*0.59+B*0.11
 2.整数方法:Gray=(R*30+G*59+B*11)/100
 3.移位方法:Gray=(R*76+G*151+B*28)>>8;
 4.平均值法:Gray=(R+G+B)/3;
 5.仅取绿色:Gray=G;
 */

static const char* fs = {
    "#version 120\\n"
    "uniform sampler2D rtt;\\n"
    "varying vec2 vTexCoord;\\n"
    "void main(void)\\n"
    "{\\n"
    "vec3 W = vec3(0.2125, 0.7154, 0.0721);\\n"
    "vec4 mask = texture2D(rtt, vTexCoord);\\n"
    "float luminance = dot(mask.rgb, W);\\n"
    "gl_FragColor = vec4(vec3(luminance), 1.0);\\n"
    "}\\n"
};

osg::Camera* createHUD()
{
    osg::Camera* camera = new osg::Camera;

    camera->setProjectionMatrix(osg::Matrix::ortho2D(0, screenWidth, 0, screenHeight));
    camera->setReferenceFrame(osg::Transform::ABSOLUTE_RF);
    camera->setViewMatrix(osg::Matrix::identity());
    camera->setClearMask(GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
    camera->setRenderOrder(osg::Camera::POST_RENDER);
    camera->setAllowEventFocus(false);

    osg::Geode* geode = new osg::Geode();
    camera->addChild(geode);
    osg::Geometry* geom = new osg::Geometry;
    geode->addDrawable(geom);

    osg::Vec3Array* vertices = new osg::Vec3Array;
    vertices->push_back(osg::Vec3(0, 0, -0.1));
    vertices->push_back(osg::Vec3(screenWidth, 0, -0.1));
    vertices->push_back(osg::Vec3(screenWidth, screenHeight, -0.1));
    vertices->push_back(osg::Vec3(0, screenHeight, -0.1));
    geom->setVertexArray(vertices);

    osg::Vec2Array* coords = new osg::Vec2Array;
    coords->push_back(osg::Vec2(0.0, 0.0));
    coords->push_back(osg::Vec2(1.0, 0.0));
    coords->push_back(osg::Vec2(1.0, 1.0));
    coords->push_back(osg::Vec2(0.0, 1.0));
    geom->setTexCoordArray(0, coords);


    osg::Vec4Array* colors = new osg::Vec4Array;
    colors->push_back(osg::Vec4(1.0f, 1.0, 0.8f, 0.2f));
    geom->setColorArray(colors, osg::Array::BIND_OVERALL);
    geom->addPrimitiveSet(new osg::DrawArrays(GL_QUADS, 0, 4));

    geom->getOrCreateStateSet()->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF || osg::StateAttribute::PROTECTED);
    geom->getOrCreateStateSet()->setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, t2d, osg::StateAttribute::ON);

    //写个简单shader来对图像变一下色
    osg::Program* program = new osg::Program;
    program->addShader(new osg::Shader(osg::Shader::VERTEX, vs));
    program->addShader(new osg::Shader(osg::Shader::FRAGMENT, fs));
    geom->getOrCreateStateSet()->setAttributeAndModes(program, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
    geom->getOrCreateStateSet()->addUniform(new osg::Uniform("rtt", 0));
    return camera;
}

int main()
{
    osgViewer::CompositeViewer viewer;

    osgViewer::View* view = new osgViewer::View;
    view->setName("Single view");
    view->setUpViewOnSingleScreen(0);
    view->setSceneData(osgDB::readNodeFile("D:\\\\code\\\\imp\\\\osgoe\\\\osg341oe28\\\\oe28\\\\tests\\\\gdal_tiff.earth"));
    view->setCameraManipulator(new EarthManipulator());
    viewer.addView(view);
    t2d->setInternalFormat(GL_RGBA);
    view->getCamera()->attach(osg::Camera::COLOR_BUFFER, t2d);

    //此时view里已经有个主相机了，加个HUD给它
    osgViewer::Viewer::Windows windows;
    viewer.getWindows(windows);
    if (windows.empty()) return 1;

    osg::Camera* hudCamera = createHUD();
    hudCamera->setGraphicsContext(windows[0]);
    hudCamera->setViewport(0, 0, windows[0]->getTraits()->width, windows[0]->getTraits()->height);

    view->addSlave(hudCamera, false);

    return viewer.run();
}